T or F 1. Towards the end of the 19th century psychology began to emerge as an empirical science.
T or F 2. In the 1st laboratories psychology was defined as the study of the soul.
T or F 3. In the 1st laboratories psychology was defined as the study of the consciousness.

T or F 4. Each of us has conscious states that can be described by introspection.
T or F 5. Each of us has unconscious states that can be described by introspection.
T or F 6. The introspective approach failed because of the description of mental states always agreed.
T or F 7. The introspective approach failed because of the description of mental states seldom agreed.
T or F 8. Freud’s work suggested that important aspects of the mind are accessible to consciousness.
T or F 9. Freud’s work suggested that important aspects of the mind are not accessible to consciousness.
T or F 10. Watson suggested that the subject matter of psychology should be behavior rather consciousness.
T or F 11. Watson suggested that the subject matter of psychology should be  both behavior and consciousness.
T or F 12. Watson suggested that the subject matter of psychology should be consciousness rather behavior.
13. Who is the founder of Behaviorism?
 

T or F 14. Since the behavior of animals and humans can be publicly observed in controlled experiments we can find objective data for analysis.
T or F 15.Since the behavior of animals and humans can be publicly observed in controlled experiments we can find only subjective data for analysis.
T or F 16. Watson endorsed the introspective method.
T or F 17. Watson rejected the introspective method.
T or F 18. Behaviorism does not exclude the appeal to mental states and processes in explaining data.
T or F 19. Behaviorism excludes the appeal to mental states and processes in explaining data.
T or F 20. Consciousness does not exist.
T or F 21. Consciousness is only material processes with the brain.
 
 
 
 

 
22. What are the two main points of Watson’s creed?
   a.

   b.

 
T or F 23. Heredity is the most important influence on behavior.
T or F 24. Psychology should show us how to affect and control human behavior.
T or F 25. Learning takes place by conditioned reflexes.
T or F 26. Learning only partially takes place by conditioned reflexes.
T or F 27. Watson’s research program sought to explain all complex behavior of animals and people as the result of conditioning by their environment.
T or F 28. Watson’s research program sought to explain all simple behavior of animals and people as the result of conditioning by their environment.
29. What Russian psychologist influenced Watson?
 

SKINNER
T or F 30. Only science can tell us the truth about nature.
T or F 31. Only science can solve human problems.
T or F 32. Science is unique in human activity in showing cumulative progress.
T or F 33. What is unique to science is its instruments.
T or F 34. What is unique to science is its methodology.
T or F 35. What is unique to science is its measurements.
T or F 36. All statements must be submitted to the test of introspection.
T or F 37. All statements must be submitted to the test of observation.
T or F 38. Scientists try to find uniformities or lawlike relations between phenomena and to construct general theories that will successfully explain particular cases.
T or F 39. Scientists try to find particular cases in order to construct general theories from them.
T or F 40. There is a clear distinction between science and technology.
T or F 41. There is no clear distinction between science and technology.

T or F 42. The job of science is to make predictions about the world.
T or F 43. The job of science is to both make predictions about the world and to control it.
T or F 44. There is a scientific basis for belief in God.
 
 
 
 

T or F 45. There is no scientific basis for belief in God.
T or F 46. Value judgments are based upon individual freedom.
T or F 47. Value judgments are typically an expression of pressure to conform to a social group.
T or F 48. The only objective basis for evaluating cultural practices as a whole is their survival value for the culture.
T or F 49.The only objective basis for evaluating cultural practices as a whole is their survival value for individuals.
50. What is “SCIENTISM”?
 
 
 

T or F 51. The empirical scientific study of human behavior is the only way to arrive at a true theory of human nature.
T or F 52. Science is the search for lawful relations among the events of nature.
T or F 53. Inner mental states can be used to explain all we do.
T or F 54. Inner mental states cannot be used to explain all we do.
T or F 55. Physiological preconditions may possibly account for behavior.
T or F 56. Physiological preconditions will never account for behavior.
T or F 57. The causes of brain states will always be able to be traced back to the environment.
T or F 58. The causes of brain states will not always be able to be traced back to the environment.
T or F 59. For any bit of behavior there will always be a set of preceding environmental causes.
T or F 60. Skinner rejects mental entities because they are unobservable.
T or F 61. Skinner rejects mental entities because they have no explanatory power.
T or F 62. Skinner rejects mental entities because they have no explanatory power and they are unobservable.
T or F 63. Genetic factors are of little value in experimental analysis.
T or F 64. Genetic factors make all the difference in experimental analysis.
T or F 65. Mental causes of behavior are rejected because they are unobservable.
T or F 66. There is something especially unexplanatory about unobservable entities in psychology.
T or F 67. There is something especially explanatory about unobservable entities in psychology.
 
 
 

T or F 68. There is something especially unexplanatory about observable entities in psychology.
T or F 69. Physiological states are also rejected as the cause of behavior because they are unobservable.
T or F 70. Physiological states are also rejected as the cause of behavior because they merely mediate the effect of the environment on an organisms behavior.
T or F 71. Psychology can confine its attention to the laws that connect environmental influences directly with behavior.
T or F 72. All human behavior is governed by laws of some kind.
T or F 73. Not all human behavior is governed by laws.
T or F 74. Scientific laws can be used to state causal connections between environmental factors and human behavior.
T or F 75. Scientific laws cannot be used to state causal connections between environmental factors and human behavior.
DIAGNOSIS
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