Fourth Edition Amended and Revised
Copyright, 1932, by Stanley McCandless
Copyright, 1939, by Stanley McCandless
Copyright, 1947, by Stanley McCandless
(c) 1958, by Stanley McCandless
Fourth Edition, 1958
Corrected Reprint 1963
Third Reprint 1966
The author wishes to acknowledge the invaluable assistance
rendered by Mrs. Edith J. R. Isaacs in the preparation of the
first edition of this book and by his colleagues and publisher in
the succeeding editions.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-10331
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
CONTENTS
PAGE
FOREWORD
7
INTRODUCTION
9
PROCEDURE
17
LEGEND
27
LlGHTlNG THE ACTlNG AREA
33
INTENSITY 33
COLOR 49
DISTRIBUTION 52
CONTROL 61
BLENDING AND TONING
66
BORDERLIGHTS 68
FOOTLIGHTS 79
LIGHTING BACKGROUND SURFACES
86
CYCLORAMAS 87
GROUND ROWS 98
BACKINGS 99
CREATlNG SPECIAL EFFECTS
103
EMPHASIS AND ACTING AREA SPECIALS 105
MOTIVATING LIGHT 111
"EFFECTS" 128
OTHER USES OF LIGHT 140
APPENDIX
144
v
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Figure 1: PLAN OF THE STAGE 23
Figure 2: AN ISOMETRIC DRAWING OF THE
STAGE 24-25
Figure 3: LONGITUDINAL SECTION 26
Figure 4: ACTING AREAS 32
Figure 5: TYPES OF SPOTLIGHTS 36
Figure 6: SPOTLIGHT SECTION 38
Figure 7: FRESNEL OR STEP-LENS SPOTLIGHT 40
Figure 8: ELLIPSOIDAL REFLECTOR SPOTLIGHT 41
Figure 9: SPOTLIGHT LENS CHARACTERISTICS 42
Figure 10: REFLECTOR SECTIONS 46
Figure 11: CUTOFFS 48
Figure 12: A CUBE UNDER DIFFERENT DIREC-
TIONS AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIGHT 54
Figure 13: TYPES OF MOUNTING 62
Figure 14: BORDERLIGHTS 67
Figure 15: TEASER MOUNTINGS: A. 75
Figure 16: TEASER MOUNTINGS: B. 76
Figure 17: TEASER MOUNTINGS: C. 77
Figure 18: FOOTLIGHTS 79
Figure 19: TORMENTOR MOUNTING METHODS 83
Figure 20: FLOODLIGHTS 90
Figure 21: FLOODLIGHT SECTION 95
Figure 22: PROJECTOR--SHALLOW REFLECTOR 115
Figure 23: LINNEBACH LANTERN 130
Figure 24: THE EFFECT MACHINE 133
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