HISTORY 355
The Age of Revolutions
Final Examination Study Guide
Possible Identifications
(50 Points):
On the exam, four of these terms will appear, you will define and give the significance of TWO of those four. Each ID will be worth 25 points of your total exam score. Be as complete as you can identifying who, what, where, when, why, and how, as well as reflecting on the termÕs significance.
The Foot of Vesuvius |
Gens de Couleur |
Exterminating War |
Sonthonax |
Toussaint Loverture |
1801 Constitution |
War of Colors |
ÒNot LibertyÓ |
Viceroyal Casta |
Who Rules Spain? |
Mask of Fernando |
Father Hidalgo |
BolivarÕs War to the Death |
The (Un)Desired One |
Army of the Three Guarantees |
BolivarÕs Llaneros Army |
Dictators and Caudillos |
Latin American Independence? |
Possible Essay Questions
(50 Points):
One of the following essay questions will appear on the exam. Be sure to answer as completely as you can and include numerous SPECIFIC EXAMPLES from lectures and readings to support your argument. I will grade you not just on your answer to the question but also on how well your answer is supported by specific evidence from lectures and readings that you use to demonstrate it.
1)
War was one of the most important factors
shaping both the Haitian and Latin American revolutions. How did the respective
wars for independence influence the direction of these revolutions? Did war
operate the same way in the Latin American revolutions as it did in the
revolution in Saint-Domingue? If so, explain. Or were
there critical differences? If so, what were they?
2)
Which revolution was more revolutionary:
the one in Saint-Domingue (Haiti) or the ones in Latin
American (taken collectively)? (Be sure to define your criteria for
ÒrevolutionaryÓ and be sure to include numerous specific examples from EACH
revolution.
3)
Both the Haitian and Latin American
revolutions ended with military leaders who fought for independence becoming
dictators of new countries in which ordinary citizens enjoyed few civil rights and
little economic or political power. Why did this happen? Did it have to happen
this way? Simon Bolivar suggested that it did. Was he right? USE SPECIFIC
EXAMPLES FROM LECTURES AND READINGS TO MAKE YOUR CASE.
Again, with each
essay it is CRITICAL that you use NUMEROUS SPECIFIC EXAMPLES from lectures and
readings to make your case.