Appendix
 
Table 1. Formulae for area determination for regularly shaped surfaces

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Km


 

 
 

m


 

 
 

cm


 

 
 

mm


 

 
 

mm


 

 
 

nm


 

 
 

Å


 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Length
 

 

1 Km

1 m

1 cm

1 mm

1 mm

1 nm

1 Å
 

 

1 103 105 106 109 1012 1013

10-3 1 102 103 106 109 1010

10-5 10-2 1 10 104 107 108 10-6 10-3 10-1 1 103 106 107

10-9 10-6 10-4 10-3 1 103 104

10-12 10-9 10-7 10-6 10-3 1 10

10-13 10-10 10-8 10-7 10-4 10-1 1 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

km2


 

 
 

ha


 

 
 

m2


 

 
 

cm2


 

 
 

mm2


 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

Area
 

 

1 k2

1 ha

1 m2

1 cm2

1 mm2
 

 

1 102 106 1010 1012

10-2 1 104 108 1010

10-6 10-4 1 104 106

10-10 10-8 10-4 1 102

10-12 10-10 10-6 10-2 1
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Table 2.a. Measurement units in the International System (SI) (km = kilometers; m = meters; cm = centimeters; mm = micrometers; nm = nanometers; and Å = Angstrom).

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Miles


 

 
 

Chains


 

 
 

Yards


 

 
 

Feet


 

 
 

Inches


 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Length
 

 

Miles

Chains

Yards

Feet

Inches
 

 

1 80 1760 5280 63360

0.0125 1 22 66 792

0.0005682 0.0454545 1 3 36

0.0001894 0.0151515 0.3333333 1 12

0.0000158 0.0012626 0.0277778 0.0833333 1
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

sq. miles


 

 
 

acres


 

 
 

sq. chains


 

 
 

sq. yards


 

 
 

sq.feet


 

 
 

sq. inches


 

 
 
 

Area
 

 

1 sq. mi

1 acre

1 sq. ch

1 sq. yrd

1 sq. ft

1 sq. in
 

 

1 640 6400 3097600 27878400 40.145 108

15.625 10-4 1 10 4840 43560 6272640

15.625 10-5 0.1 1 484 4356 627264

0.3228 10-6 20.66 10-5 20.66 10-4 1 9 1296

0.3587 10-7 22.96 10-6 22.96 10-5 0.11111 1 144

0.2491 10-9 15.96 10-8 15.96 10-7 0.7716 10-3 0.006944 1
 
Table 2.b. Measurement units in the United States Customary System (USCS) (mi = miles; ch = chains; yrd = yards; ft = feet; and in = inches).

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

Km


 

 
 

m


 

 
 

cm


 

 
 

mm


 

 
 

mm


 

 
 
 
 
 

Length
 

 

1 mile

1 chain

1 yard

1 foot

1 inch
 

 

1.609344 1609.3440 160934.40 1609344 1609344 103

.0201168 20.1168 2011.68 20116.8 201168 102

.0009144 .9144 91.44 914.4 914400

.0003048 .3048 30.48 304.8 304800

.0000254 .0254 2.54 25.4 25400
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

km2


 

 
 

ha


 

 
 

m2


 

 
 

cm2


 

 
 

mm2


 

 
 
 

Area
 

 

1 sq. mi

1 acre

1 sq. ch

1 sq. yrd

1 sq. ft

1 sq. in
 

 

2.59 259 259 104 259 108 259 1010

.00404686 .4046860 4046.86 40468600 404686 104

.4047 10-3 .0404686 404.686 4046856 404.686 106

.8361 10-6 .8361 10-4 .8361 8361 836100

.9290 10-7 .9290 10-5 .0929 929.0304 92903.04

64.516 10-11 64.516 10-9 64.516 10-5 6.4516 645.1626
 
Table 2.c. Conversion from the USCS the International System (SI).

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

mile


 

 
 

chain


 

 
 

yard


 

 
 

feet


 

 
 

inches


 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Length
 

 

1 Km

1 m

1 cm

1 mm

1 mm

1 nm

1 Å
 

 

.62137 49.70 1093.6 3280.8 39370

.62137 10-3 .4970 1.0936 3.2808 39.370

.62137 10-5 .4970 10-2 1.0936 10-2 3.2808 10-2 .39370

.62137 10-6 .4970 10-3 1.0936 10-3 3.2808 10-3 .39370 10-1

.62137 10-9 .4970 10-6 1.0936 10-6 3.2808 10-6 .39370 10-4

.62137 10-12 .4970 10-9 1.0936 10-9 3.2808 10-9 .39370 10-7

.62137 10-13 .4970 10-10 1.0936 10-10 3.2808 10-10 .39370 10-8
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

sq. miles


 

 
 

acres


 

 
 

sq. chains


 

 
 

sq. yards


 

 
 

sq. feet


 

 
 

sq. in.


 

 
 
 

Area
 

 

1 km2

1 ha

1 m2

1 cm2

1 mm2
 

 

.3861 247.1 2471 1196000 10763900 155 106

.3861 10-2 2.471 24.71 11960 107639 155 104

.3861 10-6 2.471 10-4 2.471 10-3 1.196 10.7639 1550

.3861 10-10 2.471 10-8 2.471 10-7 1.96 10-4 10.7639 10-4 .155

.3861 10-12 2.471 10-10 2.471 10-9 1.96 10-6 10.7639 10-6 .155 10-2
 
Table 2.d. Conversion from the International System (SI) to the USCS.


References  |  Appendix  | Practice Problems