| The Clarinet of the Twenty-First Century - E. Michael Richards |
CHAPTER 5 - Etudes & Exercises
Three-Voice Multiphonics
Etude 4 contains multiphonics of three or more voices. In order to connect these in a legato fashion, the player must anticipate, through accurate aural and tactile memory, the changes in embouchure pressure, voicing, and finger motion. Some multiphonics need a tighter embouchure to coax all the voices to speak together (measure 9). Some of the multiphonic motion in this etude occurs among fingerings with the same left hand fingering (m.1; 2-3). Fulcrum exercises can help the player balance these sounds. Strive to balance the pitches of the multiphonics while maintaining the smoothest possible legato.
Exercise #57 (click on music for mp3)
Other progressions involve slight left hand finger movements (m.5) – fulcrum studies also help here.
Exercise #58 (click on music for mp3)
Some multiphonics with greater resistance need to be isolated and practiced in order to attack all the pitches together (m.11 last beat; m.7 first beat).
Exercise #59 (click on music for mp3)
The progression in measures 13-7 also demonstrates the different resistance between conventional pitches and multiphonics that include these pitches. A looser embouchure, along with an attempt to match pitches will help the voices of the multiphonics to speak and sustain equally.
Exercise #60 (click on music for mp3)
click on Etude for mp3:
for information on how to see/hear more examples of multiphonics, click here
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